well, probly not, the chain will be too weak and may break. Plus those sprokets are not made for use with a motor, but why not try it and if it works it would open things up for alot of people.
Use some sort of chainguard if you decide to go with the bike sprocket. I'm gonna put one on my kart and I'm using #41 chain. I once was riding my bicycle when I was younger, the chain snapped and it hit me in the back pretty hard. Mine was just my own power that broke it but you wouldn't want a motorized device doing the same thing and smacking you.
I agree no bike chains what so ever! i've snapped my own pedel bike chain mountain biking. And the gear ratio is just not low enough the sprockets on a bike are just too small. And also bike sprockets teeth have an angle on them for ease of shifting so I wouldnt recomend that good idea though.