Here the basic workings.
In this pic...
The red arrow is pointing to the Idle control screw. The blue paddle will move in direction of arrow when the engine starts. This screw should just hold the butterfly in the carb open just slightly. This is adjusted with a warmed up running engine.
In this next pic..
The nut circled in red should be loosened up just enough for the mechanism to swivel freely. When in "industrial use" like on a pressure washer or the likes, it is tightened to a friction fit to hold the rpm setting. We dont want that on karts.
The screw circled in blue is your wide open throttle stop. It should be screwed out or removed for kart application. In your Pic it is in all the way limiting how far the butterfly can open. This can be used for speed limiting for the kids, but, back it out till you get the total system working properly.
Now you said you removed the linkage and then put it back.
What did you remove?
If you took this lever off of the shaft, you will have to re-clock the arm to the shaft.
The video i linked will explain it.
Now, if you did take that lever off, there might be a chance that an internal button fell off the governor pin that pushes the linkage. If thats the case, then you'll need to open the case and fix it before running the engine. Dont want loose pieces being a cause of grenading your engine.