in fact there's much more to it than just the pitch!
Let's just say you measured half an inch, that doesn't necessarily mean it's a #40 chain, it can be anything from a lousy bicycle chain over BMX chain, #41, #40 up to #428 motorcycle chain...
so, you need to get an idea of the sprocket width as well (that's why Russ mentioned a caliper I'd bet)
And to round it up perfectly, the diameter of the groove can point you in the direction of the size of the rollers..
and those three numbers, will together draw a perfect picture of the chain you want.
So yeah, that pic is a good starting point, but it's not more than that I'm afraid
And while it's true that on go karts it's pretty safe to assume a #40 or maybe a #41 chain to be used..
here are just a few other half inch chains commonly used:
#415 : 1/2 x 3/16 x 7,75mm Roller inner width: 4,76 mm = 3/16"
#420 : 1/2 x 1/4 x 7,75mm Roller inner width: 6,35 mm = 1/4"
#428 : 1/2 x 5/16 x 8,51mm Roller inner width: 7,94 mm = 5/16"
and of course 40 and 41 as a comparision
#41 : 1/2 x 1/4 X 7.77mm Roller inner width : 6,35 mm = 1/4"
#40 : 1/2 x 5⁄16 X 7.92mm Roller inner width : 7,94 mm = 5/16"
I think you get the idea
'sid