It's all in the pursuit of volumetric efficiency. Putting the valves on opposite sides of the head increases the flow of gasses through the engine by allowing the exhaust to more effectively suck in the F/A mixture. Along side that the Hemi head design offers a smaller surface area in the combustion chamber, which results in less heat losses and more compression. If you're referring to dodge specifically, they've even gone to a twin spark design for further volumetric efficiency. The result of this is a 345CID engine with 345hp, and alot of torque.
I've grown a bit of a mopar fetish thanks to the image down below. for a 4k pounder it sure can boogie.